Silent Disease: Osteoporosis Affects 10 Million Americans, Often Unnoticed Until Fractures Occur

Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by the thinning and weakening of bones, is affecting approximately 10 million Americans, particularly individuals aged 50 and above. The prevalence of this disease is four times higher in women than in men, as reported by the Osteoporosis Workgroup—an expert panel within the Department of Health and Human Services. Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent" disease because it typically lacks noticeable symptoms. Individuals remain unaware of their deteriorating bone health until they experience unexpected fractures resulting from minor falls, lifting objects, or even simple actions like coughing.

According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, around 2 million broken bones occur annually due to osteoporosis. In addition to the affected population, approximately 43 million people have a milder condition called osteopenia, where bone mineral volume, primarily calcium and phosphorus, is lower than desired, leading to reduced bone density. Although not severe enough to cause easy fractures, osteopenia can progress to osteoporosis.

To evaluate bone strength and thickness, a bone density scan, a low-dose X-ray procedure, can be conducted. While women are advised to undergo this test starting at the age of 65, there is no established age guideline for men. As the body's natural bone renewal process slows down with age, it becomes crucial to adopt habits that maintain strong bones and prevent the potential complications of weakened bones. Health experts recommend consuming a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, avoiding smoking, engaging in weight-bearing exercises such as walking, jogging, or stair climbing, as well as performing muscle-strengthening and balance-improving exercises. Medication may be prescribed in some cases to slow down bone loss and enhance bone strength.

This article is part of The Post's "Big Number" series, focusing on the statistical aspects of health issues. Additional information and relevant research can be accessed through the provided hyperlinks.